Building Capacity for Activism in Rwanda: Spotlight on Human Rights First Rwanda Association

“What keeps me motivated is the unwavering belief in the inherent dignity and worth of every individual, regardless of their race, ability, sexuality, or gender identity. Understanding that I am part of a larger movement of activists, allies, and supporters strengthens my resolve in the face of daunting challenges within global queer and Black liberation”

-Nzovu Job Ruzage, Executive Director of Human Rights First Rwanda Association (HRFRA)

We are honouring and celebrating Black History Month by featuring a Black-led partner organization of Rainbow Railroad every week of February and exploring how queer Black liberation informs their work. This week, we are featuring Human Rights First Rwanda Association (HRFRA).

Queer Black Liberation & Defending the Rights of Sexual Minorities

 “The framework and principles of queer Black liberation has informed and reinforced the importance of an intersectional approach in our advocacy efforts, enabling us to address the multifaceted nature of oppression effectively,” reflects Job, Executive Director of Human Rights First Rwanda Association, “and, by integrating queer Black liberation into our initiatives, we have been instrumental in the campaign to decriminalize sexual minorities, specifically targeting discriminatory laws such as the proposed Article 217 of the Rwandan Penal Code in 2009.”

Since 2008, HRFRA has led efforts to promote and defend the rights of sexual minorities. One of its major achievements has been the successful advocacy for the removal of Article 217, which sought to criminalize LGBTQI+ activities and advocacy in Rwanda. This significant change has enabled sexual minorities in Rwanda to live without fear of punitive measures, though  discrimination and violence persist.

HRFRA focuses on legal empowerment, pro-bono legal aid, advocacy-based research, education, and community empowerment, to fill gaps in access to justice, provide a voice for underrepresented communities, and promote human rights. 

As part of their advocacy efforts, HRFRA has publicly opposed Uganda’s Anti-Homosexuality Act of 2023 and condemned the remarks made by Burundi’s head of state advocating for the public stoning of LGBTQI+ individuals. 

HRFRA has been vocal in their activism, for example, by making visible and observing the 10th anniversary of Resolution 275 of the African Commission, which aims to protect the LGBTQ+ community in Africa from violence perpetrated by both state and non-state actors.

Celebrations for International Day Against Homophobia, Biphobia, Interphobia, and Transphobia

Improving Support through Partnership

A trained paralegal speaks during a workshop

HRFRA first connected with Rainbow Railroad through networks of organizations dedicated to LGBTQI+ rights and social justice. The partnership between Rainbow Railroad and HRFRA was established in 2023, and focuses on supporting the LGBTQI+ refugee community in Rwanda in areas such as access to justice and mental health support. Key areas of collaboration include capacity-building, legal aid, psychosocial support, and expanding HRFRA’s reach to include LGBTQI+ refugees coming from neighboring countries like Burundi, Uganda, Kenya and Tanzania.

The partnership with Rainbow Railroad has brought significant benefits to HRFRA and the communities it serves such as increased resources, enhanced advocacy efforts, and improved support for the LGBTQI+ community. 

With this partnership, HRFRA was able to provide support on more than 600 cases involving LGBTQI+ persons in need of  legal aid and psychosocial support. This includes  referrals to other organizations and institutions like law enforcement agencies. Over 80 cases of LGBTQI+ refugees from Burundi, Uganda, Tanzania and Kenya have been assisted with asylum procedures and illegal detentions.

This collaboration has strengthened HRFRA’s ability to raise awareness on a larger scale and to advocate for the rights of LGBTQI+ refugees and other vulnerable groups.

Making a Tangible Difference for LGBTQI+ Refugees

HRFRA faces several challenges in its day-to-day work, including resistance from those opposed to LGBTQI+ rights, resource constraints, and the emotional toll of working with individuals who have experienced trauma and persecution. Despite these difficulties, the work is deeply rewarding. Making a tangible difference in people’s lives, empowering communities, building partnerships, and experiencing personal growth are all fulfilling aspects of the work. 

Job describes his dedication to continuing this work: “What keeps me motivated is the unwavering belief in the inherent dignity and worth of every individual, regardless of their race, ability, sexuality, or gender identity. Understanding that I am part of a larger movement of activists, allies, and supporters strengthens my resolve in the face of daunting challenges within global queer and Black liberation”

HRFRA is committed to advocating for the rights of vulnerable, marginalized, and disadvantaged groups, with the goal of achieving a society free from discrimination and violence where everyone has equal access to justice and community support. 

To LGBTQI+ individuals facing difficulties, Job offers a message of solidarity and hope: “You are not alone, and your identity is valid and beautiful. Seek out allies, connect with those who understand your journey, and know that you are loved and valued.”